The Macy Conferences

Sponsored by the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation, in 1942 and from 1946 to 1953. Original members (with birth dates) at the crucial meeting of March 8-9, 1946 (from Steve Heims, 1991; pp. 285-286):
  • Gregory Bateson, social science (1904)
  • Julian H. Bigelow, engineering (1913)
  • Gerhardt von Bonin, neuroanatomy (1890)
  • Lawrence K. Frank, social science (1890)
  • Frank Fremont-Smith, medicine (1895)
  • Ralph W. Gerard, neurophysiology (1900)
  • Molly Harrower, psychology (1906)
  • George Evelyn Hutchinson, ecology (1903)
  • Heinrich Kluver, psychology (1897)
  • Lawrence S. Kubie, psychiatry (1896)
  • Paul Lazarsfeld, sociology (1901)
  • Kurt Lewin, social psychology (1890)
  • Rafael Lorente de No, neurophysiology (1902)
  • Warrren McCulloch, neurophysiology (1899)
  • Margaret Mead, anthropology (1901)
  • John von Neumann, mathematics (1903)
  • Filmer S. C. Northrop, philosophy (1893)
  • Walter Pitts, mathematics (1923)
  • Arturo Rosenblueth, physiology (1900)
  • Leonard J. Savage, mathematics (1917)
  • Norbert Wiener, mathematics (1894)
  • Later members and guests included: Heinz von Foerster, W. Ross Ashby, Claude E. Shannon, W. Grey Walter, Jerome B. Wiesner, and others.
    Revised 04 July 2002 by Ralph Abraham, <abraham@vismath.org>