Sequence of Links

Rashevsky to Theo Biol

Rashevsky founded first PhD program in Math Biology at Univ of Chicago, students incl Rosen, Cohen.

Richardson to Cybernetics

Bateson knew of Richardson's work, which he called schismogenesis, attended Macy conferences.

Cannon to Cybernetics

Cannon to Rosenbleuth to Wiener, MIT.

Von Bertalanffi to Theoretical Biology

The Theoretical Biology Club at Cambridge University (1930s) included Waddington, Woodger, Needham, Bernal. Woodger transl. Von B's first book (1928) from German to English (1933).

Woodger invited Von B to London where he spent the year, 1948-49.

Wiener visited Turing, 1947

Von Bertalanffi to General Systems Theory

Von B invited to Stanford, founded Soc Gen Sys Res (later became ISSS) with Gerard, Boulding, Rapoport (1954).

McCulloch to Homeokinetics

Iberall worked with McCulloch at MIT.

Waddington, Theor Biol to Homeokinetics, Catastrophe Th, Complexity

Serbelloni conferences organised by Waddington for the IUBS (1966-1970) attended by Iberall, Kauffman, Thom, Zeeman, many others (see list). These provided a crux of many links.

Poincare, Chaos to Complexity

Santa Cruz Chaos Cabal (Shaw, Farmer, Packard, Crutchfield all migrated to Santa Fe.

Von Neumann, CAs to Complexity

Years after Von Neumann created CAs, Langton moved to Santa Fe, Wolfram founded Complexity group at Univ Illinois, Urbana.

Morphogenesis to Complexity

Modern morphogenesis founded independently by Rashevsky and Turing, inspired Prigogine, taken up by mathematical biology and complex dynamical systems theory.